Start a North Carolina LLC

1. Name your North Carolina LLC

First, choose a name for your limited liability company. Of course, you can’t just pick any name you want. It has to be unique within the state of North Carolina. It also has to follow the naming guidelines for the state.

It’s important to find an available business name that’s in line with North Carolina law. Otherwise, your paperwork could be rejected, and you’ll have to start the process over. Brainstorm business names until you come up with a short list of favorites so you’ll have options if your first choice isn’t available.

General Requirements for Naming an LLC in NC

There are legal requirements for business names that you must follow in North Carolina. For example, the name can’t contain language that:

• States or implies the business is for any unlawful purpose
• States or implies the business operates in a way not allowed by its formation documents
• Is offensive to accepted standards of decency

Occupational Restrictions

The following words can only be used if you can prove that you’re legally qualified to perform the implied professional services:

• Apothecary
• Architect
• Architectural
• Architecture
• Certified Public Accountant or CPA
• Drug
• Engineer
• Engineering
• Insurance
• Pharmacy
• Prescription
• Prescription Drug
• Realtor
• Rx
• Survey
• Surveying
• Surveyor
• Wholesale

If you intend to operate as a wholesale business, you can use “wholesale” in your LLC’s name. You’ll have to submit a letter with your North Carolina LLC Articles of Organization to explain how you’ll comply with North Carolina wholesale business laws. Depending on the type of wholesale business, you may need to apply for a local or state business license.

“Bank,” “banker,” “banking,” “cooperative,” “co-op,” “mutual,” and “trust” are off-limits, too. State law forbids banking institutions from forming LLCs. If there are prohibited words you would like to use in your name, you can receive permission to do so by applying to the proper legal authority. If the state approves your request, then you can reserve the name to use at a later date.

Required Words for a Limited Liability Company Name

Those words or abbreviations (for example, “Inc.”) you sometimes see after a business name are called “designators.” They indicate what kind of legal business entity a company is. In North Carolina, LLCs are required to have one after their name.

North Carolina law states that the name MUST end with one of the following phrases or abbreviations:

• L.L.C.
• Ltd. Liability Co.
• Limited Liability Co.
• Ltd. Liability Company
• Limited Liability Company

Check for NC LLC Name Availability

To find out if the name you want to use is available, consult our North Carolina business name search page. The North Carolina Secretary of State’s office also suggests the following:

• Do an extensive online name search.
• Check the register of deeds office in your county and nearby counties.
• Browse business directories, city directories, and chamber of commerce lists.
• Check with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
• Search the North Carolina Trademark Registration website.

Even if your business name is technically different from another, North Carolina law says it must be “distinguishable.” So, if the only differences are articles, conjunctions, prepositions, punctuation, spaces, and the substitution of an Arabic numeral for a word, that’s not enough to make it distinguishable from another name.

For example, say a successful, well-established Outer Banks seafood business is called “Sal’s Shrimp Shack.” You can’t name your new shop “Sal’s Shrimp Shak” or “Sal’s Shrimp Shack & More.”

You also aren’t allowed to use a different designator to make it distinguishable from a similar name or, worse, slap “Inc.” onto the back of your LLC name to make it appear to be a corporation. No shenanigans, please.

If you’re feeling stuck about finding the right name, we offer some pointers on our “How to Name Your LLC” page.

Reserving a Business Name

Did you find an available name you love, but you’re nervous about someone else nabbing it before you can file your LLC paperwork? North Carolina allows you to reserve a business name for 120 days for a fee.

Filing for an Assumed Name

If you plan to do business under any name other than your LLC’s legal name, you’ll need to file a DBA (“Doing Business As”) name. This isn’t required if you only plan to use your official name, but sometimes businesses use a DBA if they’re launching a new brand or product line and want to market it under a new name. It’s a lot easier than forming a whole new business.

A DBA name is also known as an assumed business name in North Carolina. All assumed business names are filed at the Register of Deeds offices in counties throughout the state. A statewide online database allows you to do an assumed business name search to see if the name you want to use is available.

File your Assumed Business Name Certificate at the office of your local county Register of Deeds. Even if you do business in multiple counties, you only have to file one application. Just designate which counties you plan to operate within on the form.

There’s a filing fee to pay. You can also amend or withdraw your Assumed Business Name Certificate at any time.

Find a matching domain name

Here in the 21st century, you’ll want your business to have an online presence. Even if you don’t sell things directly online, you want people to be able to find your business on the web.

Is your LLC name available as a web domain?

An important factor when weighing your business name options is whether your desired name is available as a domain name on the web. Getting a business name that’s also available as a URL means you’ll have a website that’s easier to market.

We have a domain name search tool to help you see if the name you want is available. When you find an available domain name you like, it’s wise to secure it before someone else does.

If you want to market on social media, check to see what handles are available on Facebook, Instagram, and similar sites.

If you need help with your LLC’s online presence, we have a domain name service to help you find and purchase a domain name for your company. We can also help you create an affordable business website and provide domain name privacy.

That’s why one of the factors in choosing your business name will likely be choosing one that pairs well with an available domain name you can use for your website. If you can’t find any available URLs that are even close to what your desired business name is, you may want to consider another business name.

We have a domain name checker to help you see what names are available on the web.

Consider registering a trademark

As we said above, it’s wise to check as many sources as possible to ensure your desired business name isn’t trademarked. You may also want to pursue getting a trademark of your own for your business name or logo.

A trademark can be a word, phrase, symbol, design, or any combination of such. It’s used to identify your goods as yours and to distinguish your products from others. A service mark is similar but is used for advertising services instead of goods. It also sets your services apart from competitors.

Trademarks can be both federal and state. A federal trademark requires you to apply through the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, which can be a long, involved process. State trademarks only apply within the borders of your state, but they’re easier and quicker to get.

The Trademarks Division of the Office of the North Carolina Secretary of State handles in-state registrations. They thoroughly examine marks and apply all applicable state and federal laws and examination procedures. If they find the mark to be eligible, they can guide you through the registration process.

2. Appoint a registered agent in North Carolina

Select a registered agent in North Carolina. By law, limited liability companies must appoint and keep a registered agent. This refers to an individual or business entity that’s responsible for accepting important official notices, such as subpoenas, in person and forwarding them to the business owner.

Under state law, the registered agent must be either a North Carolina resident with a street address in the state or a business entity authorized to do business in North Carolina (N.C.G.S. § 55D-30). The place where the registered agent accepts notices is called the registered office, and it must be a physical address in North Carolina.

You can’t use a P.O. box for the registered office. A process server must be able to deliver notice of a lawsuit in person.

Should you be your own registered agent in North Carolina?

You may think that you want to hold this position yourself, but it can end up being a pain. The registered agent is required to be at the designated office during all normal business hours to receive service of process in person.

In addition, being served with a lawsuit in front of clients can be bad for business.

What if the state can’t find my North Carolina registered agent?

Being your own registered agent or appointing someone you know sounds good until a process server (someone who delivers notification of a lawsuit) can’t find you or your agent when they need to.

This can easily occur if you or your appointee isn’t in the office when the process server comes around. It can also happen if the agent moves or quits and you fail to appoint a new agent or update the Secretary of State office about the new address.

If a process server can’t find the registered agent for your business, a lawsuit against you could go forward without your knowledge, meaning you’ll have no opportunity to defend yourself. That often leads to a default judgment against you.

ZenBusiness can provide your registered agent

When you use our registered agent service, we’ll provide you with an agent who’s available to receive important legal, tax, and other notices in person. This gives you the peace of mind of knowing you’re in compliance with the registered agent requirements. And, it helps avoid embarrassing situations where you could be served papers for a lawsuit in front of clients and employees.

As a bonus, our service also keeps you organized. When you get important documents, we will quickly inform you and keep them together in your online digital dashboard so that you can view, download, and/or print them whenever you want. It’s better than rummaging through piles of papers to try to find important legal documents when you need them.

Using a registered agent service can alleviate these problems. If you’re ever served notice of a lawsuit, you’ll know that someone will be available to receive it. That eliminates the worry of being out of compliance. Registered agent services also help ensure that a potentially embarrassing event like that will happen at a registered office away from your main place of business.

3. File North Carolina Articles of Organization

File your Articles of Organization with the North Carolina Secretary of State. Once the state approves this document, your LLC will be officially created.

Filling out and filing official paperwork is intimidating for many first-time business owners. That’s where we come in. With our LLC formation service, you’ll have our team of business experts to handle this critical filing for you to make sure it’s done correctly the first time.

Still, we’ll walk you through the process of completing the North Carolina Articles of Organization below.

To complete the Articles of Organization, you’ll need to gather the following information. Bear in mind that any info in the Articles will become public record:

• Complete company name, including the designator
• Name and address of each person who executes the Articles of Organization and whether they are executing them in their capacity as a member or as the LLC organizer or both
• Name of the registered agent
• Street address of the registered office and the county where it’s located
• Principal office business address (including the county) of your LLC
• Phone number for the principal office
• Effective filing date of the LLC. Your LLC will be effective at the time it’s filed unless you specify that you want it to take effect later. You can make the effective date up to 90 days from the time of filing.

After receiving your North Carolina LLC Articles of Organization, the Business Registration Division of the North Carolina Secretary of State Office will then review your application for approval or denial.

All those listed as executing the Articles of Organization are to be marked as a member, an organizer, or both. They must all sign and date the document, too.

How to File Your LLC’s Articles of Organization in North Carolina

There are three ways to file your cover letter and Articles of Organization with the state. These are:

• Online via a PDF upload portal
• Mail to Business Registration Division, P.O. Box 29622, Raleigh, NC 27626-0622
• In-person at 2 South Salisbury Street, Raleigh, NC 27601

Regardless of how you file, you’ll need to pay a filing fee of $125 (as of this writing).

Cover Letter

It’s recommended that you include a cover letter with your documents. You can download a form for the cover letter on the forms section of the North Carolina Secretary of State website. It’s a simple step that helps the filing process go much smoother.

The cover letter includes your contact information and your preferred processing method: regular, same-day, or 24-hour. You’ll note which return method you prefer, either via mail, email, or in person.

Processing Time

Processing times vary, but most filings submitted online take 7 to 10 business days at this time. Filings submitted by postal mail will take substantially longer, approximately 10 to 15 business days. The Secretary of State office calculates processing time based on when they receive a document to when they return it to the filer.

If you want faster processing, you have a couple of options. The Secretary of State offers 24-hour processing for an additional fee and same-day processing for a higher fee. For the same-day processing, they must receive your paperwork by noon.

How fast can I form my Limited Liability Company? 

If you’re ready to launch and don’t want to wait weeks for your paperwork to get processed, we can help. You can form your LLC in North Carolina in as little as one day with our rush filing services. With our rush filing service, we prioritize your formation paperwork so you can get it filed with the North Carolina Secretary of State within 1-3 business days for just $100 + state fees.

Why would I delay my LLC’s filing date?

Some new business owners, especially if it’s near the end of the calendar year, will delay their LLC filing date to January 1 of the coming year. This way they can avoid the hassle and cost of having to pay taxes on their LLC in the current year. This is especially true if the future LLC owners don’t need to establish the company right away.

Delayed filing is something else we can help you with. When you form your LLC in North Carolina with us, we give you the option of paying an extra fee to have your LLC’s effective date delayed. (This service is only offered from October to January.)

How to Amend Your Articles of Organization

You only need to file your Articles of Organization once. But if any of the original Articles of Organization information needs to be updated, altered, or expanded, your business is required to inform the state about the changes.

You would report these changes by filing North Carolina Articles of Amendment and paying a filing fee. If your Articles of Organization isn’t current, it could impact your ability to get a North Carolina Certificate of Existence (called a “Certificate of Good Standing” in most states). This document isn’t required to conduct business, but it’s important for business accounts, members, and potential investors. Basically, failing to keep your business up to date with state requirements can limit your LLC’s potential future growth.

Need help amending your Articles of Organization? We have an amendment filing service that can handle it for you, as well as our Worry-Free Compliance service, which includes two amendment filings every year.

Keep your paperwork digitally organized

If you have us handle filing your Articles of Organization, once the state approves your LLC, your paperwork will be available from your ZenBusiness dashboard, where you can keep it and other important paperwork digitally organized.

Once you get your physical paperwork back from the Secretary of State approving your new LLC, you’ll want to keep it in a safe location along with your other important paperwork, such as legal documents, your LLC operating agreement, member certificates, contracts, compliance checklists, transfer ledger, etc. We offer a customized business kit to keep these important documents professionally organized.

4. Create an operating agreement

Make an operating agreement for your North Carolina LLC. While not required by state law, creating an LLC operating agreement is one of the most important things you’ll do when forming your LLC. This document sets the rules for how your company is going to operate so that everyone involved knows what to expect and how things will work.

What information should be included?

Good operating agreements address the following questions and more:

• Who are the LLC owners?
• How much of the LLC does each own?
• Who manages the LLC?
• Who gets to vote on important decisions?
• How are the profits divided?
• What are the LLC’s terms and conditions?
• What happens when an LLC member leaves?
• Can additional members be admitted?
• What circumstances could lead to the LLC’s dissolution?
• What happens when the LLC is dissolved?

Benefits of Creating an Operating Agreement

There are many benefits to creating an operating agreement. For example:

• More protection: The formality of an operating agreement further legitimizes your LLC, especially in the eyes of the court. It helps others to see your LLC as a real business that is entirely separate from your personal affairs. This separation adds another layer of legal protection between your business and personal assets.
• Less fighting: Friends and family members often go into business together when forming an LLC. Operating agreements keep everyone on the same page and can stop fights before they begin since everyone agreed to the rules beforehand.
• All your way: If you don’t have an operating agreement and a problem comes up, you’ll have to abide by North Carolina state rules for LLCs. Address issues and how to best deal with them in your agreement. This way, problems can be resolved your way and not the state’s.
• Ownership details: The agreement can define what percentage each member of the company owns and how much they contributed in capital. It can also include how expenses and profits should be shared.
• Clear dissolution rules: Include specific details about what events could lead to the dissolution of your LLC. Lay out the terms of the dissolution and any further information about succession, too.
• Funding: Having an operating agreement can help you secure lines of credit or business loans from a bank.

When does an operating agreement become a must-have?

Your operating agreement helps your business in many ways. Even though the North Carolina government doesn’t require the agreement, others may request to see it. You may need to show it to:

• Potential investors or business partners
• Financial and legal professionals
• Title companies when purchasing real estate

If you’re unsure as to how to start creating an operating agreement for your LLC in North Carolina, the template we offer can help get you started.

✓ If you’re unsure as to how to start creating an operating agreement for your LLC in North Carolina, then check out this guide. Make note that, if you decide to form your LLC with ZenBusiness, all our plans include a customizable operating agreement template to save you time researching and crafting the agreement yourself.

Do I need an operating agreement if I’m the only owner?

It’s a good idea. Many things in operating agreements are intended to avoid disputes among the LLC members, so you may think you don’t need one for a single-member LLC. But an operating agreement can benefit you even if you’re the sole owner.

Potential lenders and investors, future business partners, and others may want to see your operating agreement. Some banks won’t let you open a business bank account for your LLC without one. Your operating agreement can also spell out what you want to happen to the business if you die or become incapacitated.

Further, if you end up in court, having an operating agreement will help further demonstrate that you and the business really are separate entities, thus giving you better personal asset protection. Personal and business assets are kept farther apart.

5. Apply for an EIN

Get an Employer Identification Number (EIN) for your LLC. To identify a business, the federal government uses an EIN. Each business has a unique EIN assigned to it. It’s also known as a Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) or federal tax identification number. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses your EIN for tax purposes.

You’ll use your EIN to open a business bank account, set up retirement plans, apply for financing, file taxes, and stay in good standing overall. You’re also required by law to have one if your LLC has more than one member or has employees.

How to Apply for an EIN

You get your EIN from the IRS by going to their website and filling out an application. You can also do it by postal mail by completing a form and sending it to the Internal Revenue Service, Attn: EIN Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999. It will likely take four weeks, whereas the online version is immediate.

If you’d rather fill out as few IRS forms as possible, we can get your Employer Identification Number for you. Our EIN service is quick and easy to use.

✓ Our LLC formation service includes obtaining an EIN for your LLC but we can also help you get an EIN for an existing company

Register with the Department of Revenue

Speaking of taxation, don’t forget about state taxes. To pay state taxes for your business, you must register with the North Carolina Department of Revenue and receive a tax account ID number. You’ll need this number for income tax withholding, sales and use tax, and other taxes.

There’s no fee to submit your business registration application online. You can also file Form NC-BR for free in person or by mail.

The Department of Revenue’s business registration checklist can help you prepare to file for a tax account ID number. You’ll need to gather information such as:

• Your federal EIN
• Your business name, address, and phone number
• Name, title, address, and Social Security number of the responsible person
• Details about your business

After you submit your online application, you’ll receive a confirmation page. A notice with your official tax account ID number will be mailed to you within five to 10 business days, depending on system processing times. You can file and pay taxes with the Department of Revenue once your ID number has been issued.

If you plan to hire employees in North Carolina, you’ll be subject to unemployment insurance tax. You’ll need to create an unemployment insurance tax account with the North Carolina Division of Employment Security.

Can filing as an S corp lower my taxes?

The LLC business structure was created to be flexible, and one of those flexibilities comes in how you can choose to have your LLC taxed. One method of taxation could save you a substantial amount over another method, so you’ll want to consider this carefully before you start an LLC.

By default, you’re taxed as a sole proprietor if your LLC has only one member or a partnership if it has multiple members. This appeals to most owners of LLCs because it avoids “double taxation” of C corporations (the default form of corporation), in which a business pays taxes at both the business level and again when the income is paid to the individual owners. But some LLCs opt to be taxed as a C corporation or an S corporation because, in their particular case, it works to their advantage.

Being taxed as a C corporation does mean facing double taxation, but, for certain LLCs, the pros can sometimes outweigh the cons. C corporations have the widest range of tax deductions, which could be an advantage in some scenarios. For example, the cost of certain benefits can be written off as a business expense.

S corp is short for “Subchapter S Corporation.” It’s a tax filing status geared toward small businesses. Having your LLC taxed as an S corp gives it pass-through taxation like a standard LLC, but there’s another potential advantage: It could save you money on self-employment taxes. 

In a standard LLC, you would pay self-employment taxes (Social Security and Medicare) on all of the profits you receive from the company. But an LLC with S corp status allows you to be both an owner and an employee of your LLC and split your income into your salary and your share of the company’s profits.

In this way, you pay the standard employment taxes on your salary, but you pay no self-employment taxes on the rest of your profits. (You still pay the other forms of income tax, of course.)

The drawback is that the Internal Revenue Service scrutinizes S corps more closely, meaning you’re more likely to get audited. S corps are also harder to qualify for.

While it’s possible that one of the above options could work better for your LLC, we don’t need to tell you that taxes are very complicated. They’re also very specific to your situation. That’s why you really need to consult a tax professional to see which taxing method works best for your LLC.

If you do decide that filing as an S corp is right for your North Carolina LLC, we have an S corp service that can help you do that at the time of your LLC’s formation. 

Open a business bank account

Once you’ve secured an EIN, you can open a business checking account. Having separate accounts for your business and your personal banking is important for sorting out your finances at tax time.

It also helps you avoid commingling funds. Commingling funds can not only make your taxes more difficult, but it could also be used against you if someone takes you to court to challenge whether you and your LLC are truly separate entities.

We’ve partnered with LendingClub to offer a discounted bank account for your new business. This comes with unlimited transactions, online banking, a debit card, and more. When you want to authorize others in your business to use the account, we offer a banking resolution template to simplify the process.

For further help managing your new business’s finances, there’s ZenBusiness Money. It can help you create invoices, track expenses, receive payments, transfer money, and manage clients all in one place.